【論壇】

　　作者(zhe)：王拯（福建省習(xi)近平新(xin)時代中(zhong)國特色社會(hui)主義思想研(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)心特約研(yan)究(jiu)員）

　　推動經濟社會發展綠色化、論壇綠色量低碳化是興農實現高質量發展的關鍵環節。2024年中央一號文件提出，擦亮“堅持產業興農、農業質量興農、高質綠色興農”，展底百姓彩票首頁并從打好農業農村污染治理攻堅戰、論壇綠色量推進化肥農藥減量增效等方面對加強農村生態文明建設作出具體部署。興農推動農業高質量發展，擦亮要從農業農村發展實際出發，農業堅持綠色發展理念，高質加強農村生態保護，展底推進綠色農業科技創新，論壇綠色量百姓彩票首頁讓綠色成為農業高質量發展(zhan)的興農鮮(xian)明(ming)底色。

　　綠色興農是擦亮農業強國建設的題中應有之義，也是加快實現農業農村現代化的必然要求。黨的十八大以來，一系列著眼于農業綠色發展的政策文件先后出臺，如《關于創新體制機制推進農業綠色發展的意見》《鄉村振興戰略規劃（2018—2022年）》《“十四五”全國農業綠色發展規劃》等，引領農業綠色發展加快步伐，推動農業生態環境持續改善。在日前召開的國新辦新聞發布會上，農業農村部相關負責人表示，2023年全國化肥農藥施用持續減量增效，畜禽糞污綜合利用率、百姓彩票大廳秸稈綜合利用率、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)膜處置率分別超過78%、88%、80%。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生產和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)“三品(pin)一(yi)標”再獲新成效，新認證登(deng)記綠色、有機和(he)名特(te)優新農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)1.5萬(wan)個(ge)，全(quan)國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)質量(liang)(liang)安全(quan)監(jian)測總體合格(ge)率達到(dao)97.8%。不過也要看到(dao)，當前我國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)過程中依然存(cun)在資源浪費、環境污(wu)染等問題，在一(yi)定程度上制約(yue)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)高質量(liang)(liang)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，影響農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村生態環境保(bao)護與改(gai)善(shan)。堅持(chi)走好綠色興農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)道路，需要進一(yi)步發(fa)揮科(ke)技(ji)支撐力量(liang)(liang)，著力推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村生產生活方(fang)式綠色轉型(xing)，加快形成綠色、低碳、循環的(de)可持(chi)續農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)模式。

　　持續推進綠(lv)色(se)低(di)碳(tan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產方式(shi)。2022年，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)部、國家發(fa)改委聯合(he)印發(fa)《農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)減排(pai)(pai)固(gu)(gu)碳(tan)實施方案》，提(ti)出農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)減排(pai)(pai)固(gu)(gu)碳(tan)的(de)(de)總體目(mu)標，即到(dao)2025年農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)減排(pai)(pai)固(gu)(gu)碳(tan)與(yu)糧食(shi)安全(quan)、鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)振興、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)現代化(hua)統籌融(rong)合(he)的(de)(de)格局基(ji)(ji)本形成(cheng)(cheng)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)綠(lv)色(se)低(di)碳(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)取得積(ji)極成(cheng)(cheng)效；到(dao)2030年農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)減排(pai)(pai)固(gu)(gu)碳(tan)與(yu)糧食(shi)安全(quan)、鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)振興、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)現代化(hua)統籌推進的(de)(de)合(he)力(li)充分發(fa)揮(hui)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)綠(lv)色(se)低(di)碳(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)取得顯(xian)著成(cheng)(cheng)效。進一步建(jian)立完善農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)減排(pai)(pai)固(gu)(gu)碳(tan)目(mu)標與(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)政策(ce)的(de)(de)協同機(ji)制(zhi)與(yu)體系化(hua)對接，有(you)助于充分發(fa)揮(hui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)“雙碳(tan)”目(mu)標中的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎減排(pai)(pai)貢獻。

　　強化(hua)綠(lv)色興農(nong)(nong)(nong)的科(ke)技(ji)(ji)支撐。綠(lv)色農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生產技(ji)(ji)術(shu)能(neng)夠降(jiang)低能(neng)耗、減少(shao)排放、節約(yue)資(zi)源，對于(yu)實現農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)減排固(gu)碳、解決農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)面源污染、協調農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生產與生態環(huan)境保護關系具有重要作(zuo)用(yong)。例如，采用(yong)生物農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥替代化(hua)學農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥，推廣有機肥料替代化(hua)肥等綠(lv)色技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，可以(yi)有效(xiao)減少(shao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生產過程(cheng)中的污染排放，降(jiang)低農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生產對環(huan)境的壓力(li)。加大綠(lv)色農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)研(yan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)投入，鼓勵科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創新和成(cheng)果應用(yong)，大力(li)培養各類農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)人才，以(yi)更強大科(ke)技(ji)(ji)力(li)量支撐農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色發展。

　　加強(qiang)農業生態保(bao)護和修復(fu)(fu)。堅持綠色興農，要(yao)求我(wo)們在實踐中落實“綠水(shui)青(qing)山(shan)就是金(jin)山(shan)銀山(shan)”重要(yao)理(li)念。加強(qiang)農業生態保(bao)護，通(tong)過農田生態修復(fu)(fu)項(xiang)目(mu)恢復(fu)(fu)和保(bao)護土壤、水(shui)體的生態平(ping)衡(heng)。采用植被覆蓋、水(shui)土保(bao)持等手(shou)段，減(jian)緩土地退化，改善農田生態環境，實現土地的生態平(ping)衡(heng)。從(cong)源頭治(zhi)理(li)農業面(mian)源污(wu)染(ran)，通(tong)過優化農業生產結(jie)構(gou)和方式，降(jiang)低化學(xue)品(pin)使(shi)用量。同時(shi)，建立健(jian)全(quan)農業廢棄物回收(shou)處理(li)體系，有效解決(jue)農業廢棄物亂(luan)棄、亂(luan)堆、亂(luan)放(fang)問題，從(cong)根本上遏制(zhi)污(wu)染(ran)的發生。

　　提倡綠(lv)(lv)色(se)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費方式(shi)(shi)和(he)行為。消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費端是引(yin)領生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)方式(shi)(shi)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)轉型發(fa)展的關鍵力(li)量(liang)。通過綠(lv)(lv)色(se)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質和(he)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)建設(she)，提高農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的質量(liang)和(he)附加(jia)值，可以(yi)增(zeng)加(jia)農(nong)民(min)收入，提高消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者對農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的認可度，更好滿足多(duo)元化品(pin)(pin)質化的農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費需求。完(wan)善出臺相(xiang)關扶(fu)持政(zheng)策，鼓勵農(nong)民(min)采用綠(lv)(lv)色(se)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)方式(shi)(shi)，改善農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)環境(jing)、農(nong)村生(sheng)(sheng)活環境(jing)，進(jin)一步加(jia)強對農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量(liang)和(he)安(an)全的監管，保(bao)障消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費者的健康和(he)安(an)全。鼓勵綠(lv)(lv)色(se)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費，反向倒(dao)逼生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)環節應用綠(lv)(lv)色(se)技(ji)術和(he)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)模式(shi)(shi)，夯(hang)實農(nong)業(ye)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)轉型的現實基礎。

　　綠(lv)色興(xing)農(nong)是(shi)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)高(gao)質量發展的必經之路，也是(shi)實現(xian)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)可持續發展、鄉村全(quan)面振興(xing)和應對全(quan)球(qiu)氣(qi)候(hou)變化的重要(yao)舉措(cuo)。讓我們共同努(nu)力，擦亮農(nong)業(ye)(ye)發展的綠(lv)色底色，構筑農(nong)業(ye)(ye)發展的綠(lv)色基(ji)石，推動(dong)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)高(gao)質量發展，為建設宜居宜業(ye)(ye)和美鄉村、實現(xian)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村現(xian)代化注入更多動(dong)能(neng)。

　　《日報(bao)》（2024年02月19日?02版(ban)）